Borges And Bertolucci Essays - Jorge Luis Borges,

Borges And Bertolucci There are a number of differences between Bernardo Bertolucci's movie The Spider Stratagem and the story on which it is based, Jorge Louis Borges' The Theme of The Traitor and The Hero; however, overall Bertolucci does a pretty accurate portrayal of the essence, at least, of Borges' story. Besides changing the setting of the plot, there is also much more information relayed in the movie. This is very much due to that the story is simply a suggestive piece, while the movie had to fill in all of the blanks. In the movie, Bertolucci had to add characters, motivations, and many vast details that are left out of the story. To begin with, Borges is very vague in his ideas on the semantics of his story. He begins filling in the details somewhat with the story taking place in Ireland?. But Borges himself says that this is simply, (for narrative convenience). (Borges 72) Borges then expands on his idea within an Irish backdrop? Bertolucci keeps the story intact, and simply transplants it to Italy in the twentieth century. The names are all changed; but that is because Borges chose Irish names which would not work in the new setting. The entirety of Borges' story is written in vague possibilities of ideas. He uses for example a number of times throughout the story and only offers these examples to give the reader an idea? not the actual plot. It is more the plot than the setting which concerns Borges? and Bertolucci does exact Borges' plot with his movie. At the beginning of the story, Borges says that our narrator is writing an autobiography of his great-grandfather, the hero. However, in the movie, Bertolucci's narrator is summoned to his father (not great-grandfather)'s hometown by his father's ex-mistress. (Borges does not mention an ex-mistress.) He has no interest in knowing about his father. It is only in concern of the health of this ex-mistress that he actually chooses to stay. (She has a propensity for fainting on cue.) It is for her that he actually undertakes the pursuit of the truth of who the traitor was that caused the death of his father, as opposed to in Borges' story where the narrator undertakes the truth for the purposes of his biography. Bertolucci had to take some artistic licenses with character motivations in order to make the movie's pace keep going. Bertolucci also had to fill in the roles of the other conspirators because Borges does not discuss these individuals (other than the one charged with finding out who the traitor was). Bertolucci chooses three simpletons who were basically just sheep that his hero directed. In Borges' story, the conspirator who discovered that the hero was the traitor is the one who suggests the elaborate scheme to make a martyr of the traitor. But Bertolucci chooses to allow the traitor himself to suggest this conspiracy. This is an interesting and slightly more dramatic choice. Bertolucci kept many of Borges' ideas on the execution of the assassination and the literary ironies that the characters employ. However, he had to explain exactly the method in which the martyr was shot. The shooting takes place in a theater? so Bertolucci came up with the idea that the shooter should be on stage. Bertolucci employs one of the simpletons(a singer) to shoot the martyr from stage? so as to preserve the mystery of who the shooter could have been. The police could not solve the case, and, as planned, all of the people(including the ex-mistress) believe it to have been a government person. There is a vast difference for the audience in getting the story from the movie or from the book. The story deals more with the semantics of the literary devises that play into the plot. Borges is focused on the irony and the conceptual paradoxes involved, rather than the exact feelings of the characters involved in making this incredible plot come to life. In watching the movie, the audience gets a much better sense of the tangibility of the characters and situation. Overall, Bertolucci does a great job of exacting Borges' plot in the medium of cinema. The artistic licenses that Bertolucci took did not in any

Acid Rain Essays - Inorganic Solvents, Acid Rain, Free Essays

Acid Rain Essays - Inorganic Solvents, Acid Rain, Free Essays Acid Rain Introduction: What Causes Acid Rain? One of the main causes of acid rain is sulfur dioxide. Natural sources, which emit this gas, are Volcanoes, sea spray, rotting vegetation and plankton. However, the burning of fossil fuels, such as Coal and oil, are largely to be blamed for approximately half of the emissions of this gas in the world. When sulfur dioxide reaches the atmosphere, it oxidizes to first form a sulfate ion. It then Becomes sulfuric acid as it joins with hydrogen atoms in the air and falls back down to earth. Oxidation occurs the most in clouds and especially in heavily polluted air where other compounds such as ammonia and ozone help to catalyze the reaction, changing more sulfur dioxide to sulfuric acid. However, not all of the sulphur dioxide is changed to sulfuric acid. In fact, a substantial amount can float up into the atmosphere, move over to another area and return to earth unconverted. In the following pages I will show the effects of acid rain on: Effect on Trees and Soils Effect on Lakes and Aquatic Systems Effect on Materials Effect on Atmosphere Effect on Architecture Effect on Humans Effect on Trees and Soils One of the most serious impacts of acid precipitation is on forests and soils. Great damage is done when sulfuric acid falls onto the earth as rain. Nutrients present in the soils are washed away. Aluminium also present in the soil is freed and the roots of trees can absorb this toxic element. Thus, the trees are starved to death as they are deprived of their vital nutrients such as calcium and magnesium. Not all of the sulphur dioxide is converted to sulfuric acid. In fact, a substantial amount can float into the atmosphere, move over to another area and return to the soils unconverted. As this gas returns back to earth, it clogs up the stomata in the leaves, thus hindering photosynthesis. Research has been made where red spruce seedlings were sprayed with different combinations of sulfuric and nitric acid of pH ranging from 2.5 to 4.5. The needles of these seedlings were observed to develop brown lesions. Eventually, the needles fall off. It was also found that new needles grew more slowly at higher concentrations of acid used. Because the rate at which the needles were falling was greater than the rate at which they were replenished, photosynthesis was greatly affected, The actual way in which these needles were killed is still not yet known. However, studies have shown that calcium and magnesium nutrients are washed away from their binding sites when sulfuric acid enters the system. They are replaced by useless hydrogen atoms and this inhibits photosynthesis. Effect on Lakes and Aquatic Systems One of the direct effects of acid rain is on lakes and its aquatic ecosystems. There are several routes through which acidic chemicals can enter the lakes. Some chemical substances exist as dry particles in the air while others enter the lakes as wet particles such as rain, snow, sleet, hail, dew or fog. In addition, lakes can almost be thought of as the sinks of the earth, where rain that falls on land is drained through the sewage systems eventually make their way into the lakes. Acid rain that falls onto the earth washes off the nutrients out of the soil and carries toxic metals that have been released from the soil into the lakes. Another harmful way in which acids can enter the lakes is spring acid shock. When snow melts in spring rapidly due to a sudden temperature change, the acids and chemicals in the snow are released into the soils. The melted snow then runs off to streams and rivers, and gradually make their way into the lakes. The introduction of these acids and chemicals into the lakes causes a sudden drastic change in the pH of the lakes - hence the term spring acid shock. The aquatic ecosystem has no time to adjust to the sudden change. In addition, springtime is an especially vulnerable time for many aquatic species since this is the time for reproduction for amphibians, fish and insects. Many of these species lay their eggs in the water to hatch. The sudden pH change is dangerous because the acids can cause serious deformities in their young or even annihilate the whole species since the young of many of such species spend a significant part of their life cycle in

DISCRIMINATION AND AFFRMATIVE ACTION Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

DISCRIMINATION AND AFFRMATIVE ACTION - Coursework Example Therefore, it is only right that we find a proper and respectful way to pay them back for everything they have done for us. Those who come back disabled do not have very good prospects when its comes to getting retraining and accessing regular jobs. They will need every chance and every helping hand that they can get. That is why the existence of the Disabled Veterans Affirmative Action Program is something that they truly need. Affirmative action. An act that ensures equal treatment for the women and minorities in our society. Now, it also means giving our disabled war veterans an equal opportunity to be able to work the same jobs that we all do. After all, being disabled does not necessarily mean that they are unable to complete any sort of work anymore. Rather, it makes them more admirable as they complete the work of able bodied people using only their skill and talents. We have to remember that not all employers will be willing or able to hire a disabled war veteran. Therefore, the existence of the law, and the fact that it gives them priority over the able bodied individuals, and the men and women who are covered by their own affirmative action laws, is something that allows the disabled soldiers to prove that they are still productive members of society. Keep in mind that affirmative action for women and minorities were set into place because they were being prevented from entering the workplace or being barred from working certain jobs due to the color of their skin or ethnicity. Without the affirmative action laws in place to force employers to hire an equal ratio of men and women employees in their workplaces, the battle of the sexes would still be raging. Affirmative action helped the African Americans find and take their rightful place within our American society. It allowed them to prove that they are Americans too, regardless of their skin color. In the case of the disabled soldiers, they have already proven their patriotism and willingness to pro tect our nation. They paid dearly for their loyalty to our country and their lives will never be the same again. Their physical shortcomings make employers unwilling to hire them because of their perceived inabilities. Nobody will be willing to hire them unless they are first compelled to by the law of the land. Should they take priority over the able bodies citizens of the land? I my opinion, the answer to that question would have to be no. Affirmative action only allows them to have an equal opportunity to apply for a job. If they prove that they are the best man for the job then they should definitely be hired. However, they should not be hired for a job they are not suited to simply because there is a law that compels them to do so. All affirmative action quests, from equality for women, minorities, and the disabled, have a very long way to go. These are not laws that are adopted overnight by the employers. It takes the changing of a mindset in order to ensure that equality in t he workplace truly exists. However, there are some affirmative action plans that should have priority over the others. Allow the disabled soldiers to prove that they are just as capable as the next able bodied person. Allow them to show their employers their potential as hard workers, maybe there is something that they can do that an able bodied person cannot. In such instances, they should be hired for the job. Otherwise, they should be allowed to at least compete for the job on an equal

BUSINESS ETHICS PAPER WALMART (UNCLASSIFIED Essay

BUSINESS ETHICS PAPER WALMART (UNCLASSIFIED - Essay Example This essay will discuss Wal-Mart’s success as an organization and its ethical problems and conflict with the rest of the consuming public. We will also discuss other complaints and so-called human rights violations committed by the company, and how this huge-sized company is able to proceed working and operating for its consumers with its everyday low price strategy. Success comes in many forms, and not without sacrifices and a price. For Wal-Mart, this happens in the course of suits, public hatred at times, and more and more complaints coming from the very core of its business, the public. How Wal-Mart overcame and reached to where it is now is the subject for this paper. Wal-Mart Stores Inc. is a success story as we all know. Its accelerated rate of growth is phenomenal that after it opened its first variety store in 1945 and successive opening of other variety stores, discount store, supercenters, and supermarkets, the family of Wal-Mart founder Sam Walton has now a combined fortune of about $90 billion. (Ferrell, Fraedrich, & Ferrell, 2008, p. 394) In its website, the story is told that Wal-Mart began when it opened its first discount store in Rogers, Ark. in 1962. Five years later, there were 24 Wal-Mart stores ringing up $12.6 million in sales. In 1972, when it opened its stocks to the public in the New York Stock Exchange, it had 276 stores in 11 states. (Wal-Mart History Timeline, 2008) Wal-Mart Stores comes in three sizes: discount stores, which are about 100,000 square feet; supercenters, which are about 187,000 square feet; and the neighborhood markets, which are about 43,000 square feet in size. (Ferrell et al., 2008, p. 293) Wal-Mart’s critics include feminists, human rights activists, anti-sprawl, activists, and labor unions. The controversies are its alleged â€Å"not-so good† treatment of its employees, suppliers, the environment, and the overall economic impact on communities. One major issue: Wal-Mart has engaged in

How Does Relationship Marketing Affect Customer Retention in Banking Essay

How Does Relationship Marketing Affect Customer Retention in Banking - Essay Example The researcher states that traditionally there were few government regulated nationalized banks, so banks did not compete to grab customers. The customers were loyal to the banks they went to and it carried on for generations. However, with the increasing number of private banks, the competition in the market has increased. The private banks are offering lucrative financial products along with basic banking facilities. The services are prompt, the procedure is short and fast, which has reduced the problems and increased the operational efficiency of the banks. The concepts of relationship marketing would be discussed in the context of the banking industry. Now the major objective of this study is to identify the significance of relationship marketing, its application, and usage in case of the banking industry. This will assist in informing the readers about the relationship marketing approaches that banks utilize to retain the customers. Since customers have more options, so they kee p switching from one bank to another for short-term profits. The banks now do not depend on customer loyalty; rather they wish to focus on customer retention through customer satisfaction. Keeping in mind the research hypothesis and the objectives of the study, a critical review of the literature would be done, which would assist in understanding the role relationship marketing and technology in the banking industry because technology has acted as a catalyst for relationship marketing to grow in the country.... ature would be done, which would assist in understanding the role relationship marketing and technology in the banking industry because technology has acted as a catalyst for relationship marketing to grow in the country (Bergstrom and Bresnahan, 1996). Literature Review Relationship Marketing Relationship marketing can be defined as a way of marketing that can be developed through direct marketing campaigns, as this will assist in focusing on customer satisfaction and their retention, rather than just concentrate on sales. Relationship marketing is somewhat different from other types of marketing strategies because it considers having long-term relationship with the customers, which will extend beyond the level of general promotion (Bharadwaj, Varadarajan, and Fahy, 1993). As the name suggests, relationship marketing deals with relationship building. In the present times, advancement of technology and growth of mobile and internet platforms has assisted relationship marketing to evo lve and collaborate with the social communication channels. There are many tools which are applied by organizations to maintain strong relationship with the customers (Chang, Chan, and Leck, 1997). In the banking industry, the marketing environment has undergone tremendous change. This is primarily due to changing government policies. The advancing technology has also intensified the competition. These factors have resulted in development of new challenges and behaviours. The loyalty of the customers towards a particular bank has declined due to the increasing level of competition in the industry (Ennew, and Binks, 1996). Nowadays the customers get more number of options and better offers, and the other reason is that the customers prefer to use more than one financial institution in order

Conditions for Equilibrium Experiment

Conditions for Equilibrium Experiment Laboratory Report Tricia Desierto, Luis Diaz, Karhen Estella, Gabrielle Beatrix Francisco Department of Biological Science College of Science, University of Santo TomasEspanÃÅ'Æ’a, Manila, Philippines Abstract The object is said to be in a state of equilibrium, when the forces acting upon an object are balanced. There were four activities done in the experiment. In the first activity the equilibrant force was determined. The second activity, unknown forces was determined. For the third activity,center of gravity was located. The last activity, rotational equilibrium was demonstrated. I. Introduction Equilibrium is moving with constant velocity. It is a condition that the rotational  motion of the body may also remain constant. A body is in equilibrium or at rest only when there is no movement or rotation done. When the resultant force acting on the object is zero the object is in equilibrium. The objectives of the experiment are: to determine the equilibrant force by using the component and table method;to determine the unknown forces using the first and second conditions for equilibrium; to locate the center of gravity of a composite body;and to demonstrate the rotational equilibrium. II. Theory A situation wherein the net force acting on a certain object is zero[1] and an object that has no motion or undergoes no rotational and traditional accelerationis said to be in a state of equilibrium wherein net torque and net force on the object is zero in all directions. For an object to be in equilibrium, two conditions should be met. The first condition tells us that the net force acting on the object needs to be zero which only means that for a certain axis of motion, the forces acting along that particular axis should sum up to zero.[2]The second condition needed to attain equilibrium, on the other hand, involves avoiding or neglecting accelerated rotation and it should maintain a constant  angular velocity. A rotating body can attain equilibrium if the rate of its rotation remains unchanged by the forces acting on that certain object.[3] The center of gravity is a geometric property of any object. It is the average location of the  weight  of an object. The  motion  of any object can be described through space in terms of the translation of the center of gravity of the object from one place to another and the rotation of the object about its center of gravity when it is free to rotate.[4] Figure 1. Determination of the Center of Gravity using plumb line technique X= Center of Gravity m=Mass x= distance from a fixed point Equation 1.Center of Gravity Formula When an object is said to be in equilibrium, it is not moving or rotating. The pivotal axis can be any point outside or inside the object. The objects linear and angular accelerations are both zero and the sum of the torquesacting on a system should be equal to zero.The sum of the counter-clockwise torques should be equal to the sum of the clockwise torques.[5] III. Methodology Activity 1: Equilibrant Force Three pans labelled as A, B and C was weighed. Pans A and B were hanged respectively at the 300 and 2000 marks on the force table. 100g was placed on pan A and 150g on pan B. The tension acting on the string, the weight of the pan plus the weight added to the pan was recorded as TA andTB respectively. The two tensions in the strings were balanced by placing weight on pan C or adjusting its position. The tensions are balanced if the pin is exactly at the center of the ring. The magnitude of the equilibrant, the weight of pan C plus the weight added to it, and its position was recorded. The theoretical equilibrant of the two tensions was determined by component method and the % error was computed. Activity 2: First Condition for Equilibrium A cylinder of unknown weight was suspended using the force board by means of two strings. A spring scale was attached to one of the strings and was pulled horizontally until the pin on the force board was exactly at the middle of the ring. The reading on the spring scale was recorded as T1. The angle that the other string made was recorded as ÃŽ ¸. A free body diagram of the ring was drawn. The tension of T2 in the other string and the weight of the cylinder were solved. The cylinder was weighed for the accepted value and the % error was computed. Activity 3: Locating the Center of Gravity A circle with a diameter of 10cm and a square with a side of 10cm were cut out from a card board. The weights of WC and WS were determined. The center of gravity of the composite figure was determined by balancing method and plumb line method. The position of the center of gravity was specified using the leftmost side of the square as the y-axis and the bottom square as the x-axis. The results were checked by actual computation for the center of gravity. Activity 4: Second Condition for Equilibrium The center of gravity of an aluminium bar was located by balancing it on a pencil and the position for the center of gravity was marked. The cylinder used in the previous activity was hanged 5.0cm from one end of the bar. Using the force board, the aluminium bar was supported by means of a spring scale on one end and a string on the other end until the bar assumed a horizontal position. A free body diagram of the bar was drawn. The second condition for equilibrium was used to determine the weight of the bar and the tension in the string. The theoretical weight of the cylinder was used in the computation. The bar was weighed for the accepted value and the % error was computed IV. Results and Discussion V. Conclusion The equilibriant force was successfully determined using the component and table method, with an acceptable value for the % error – 8.70% and 4.47%. The unknown forces were also determined using the first condition of equilibrium with a % error of only 4.57% The center of gravity was defined more accurately with the Plumb Line Method as opposed to the Balancing Method. The unknown forces were unsuccessfully defined using the second condition of equilibrium, as the % error exceeds the acceptable range at 51.76%. VI. Applications VII. References Lesson24:Equilibrium. (n.d.). Retrieved December 8, 2013, from studyphysics: http://www.studyphysics.ca/newnotes/20/unit01_kinematicsdynamics/chp06_vectors/lesson24.htm First Condition. (n.d.). Retrieved December 8, 2013, from boundless: https://www.boundless.com/physics/static-equilibrium-elasticity-and-torque/conditions-for-equilibrium/first-condition/ Second Condition. (n.d.). Retrieved December 8, 2013, from Boundless: https://www.boundless.com/physics/static-equilibrium-elasticity-and-torque/conditions-for-equilibrium/second-condition/ Rotational Equilibrium. (n.d.). Retrieved December 8, 2013, from faculty: http://faculty.wwu.edu/vawter/PhysicsNet/Topics/RotationalDynamics/RotEquilibrium.html Benson, T. (2008, July 18). Center of gravity. Retrieved December 8, 2013, from grc: http://www.grc.nasa.gov/WWW/k-12/airplane/cg.html

Key Elements of Successful Leadership Essay -- servant leadership chri

Key Elements of Successful Leadership John Quincy Adams provided one of my favorite quotes on leadership; â€Å"If your actions inspire others to dream more, learn more, do more and become more, you are a leader.† In its most basic form leadership refers to influence. Though leaders often help us to accomplish more, poor leadership can also be the source of extreme frustration. The importance of good leadership is apparent on a college campus. Many organizations run smoothly and efficiently while others are mired in chaos and confusion; the difference is leadership. The college setting provides many opportunities for the development of leadership expertise. I believe three common factors exist in all successful leadership; a focus on people, clear communication, and character. A good leader understands that he or she cannot accomplish anything without the support of followers. The best way to develop this support is by showing love, dignity, and respect to the people being led. The secular manager can apply the principles of this model, but only a Christian can understand the reasoning behind it. A proper perspective recognizes that â€Å"all people have inherent value by virtue of being created in the image of God, and thus [have] an inherent right to develop to their fullest potential.† (Hind, 20) Instead of using people in order to accomplish goals, Christian leaders should accomplish goals in order to develop people. I often get involved in leadership roles for self-promotion and increased status. However, the Scriptural model of leadership is much different. Jesus is the ultimate example of what is oft labeled servant leadership. Servant leadership is the submission of the leader’s ego and will in order to meet... ...rinciples in the pursuit of Christlike leadership. Above all I must realize that leadership is not about personal glory, but it is about the mission that God has given me, and the people that I am responsible to lead. Works Cited: Brown, Bill â€Å"Three Perspectives on Leadership† 4/16/2004 Speech given to Organizational Leadership class Dubrin, Andrew J. Leadership: Research Findings, Practice and Skills 2nd Edition Houghton Mifflin Company, Princton, NJ, 1998 Hind, James F. The Heart & Soul of Effective Management (1989) Victor Books, Wheaton, Ill. Lewis, Jone Johnson â€Å"Leadership Quotes†  © 1995-2003 http://www.wisdomquotes.com/cat_leadership.html Maxwell, John C. The 21 Indispensable Qualities of a Leader (1999) Thomas Nelson Publishers, New York, NY Swindoll, Charles R. Hand Me Another Brick (1978) Thomas Nelson Publishers, New York, NY